(Fever/pyrexia caused by viral infection)
Introduction
Viral fever is a rise in body temperature above normal (37°C, 98.6°F) associated with bodyache due to viral infection. Fever is as a natural response to infection. The term viral fever covers a wide variety of viral infections, some of which can be clearly identified by their signs and symptoms.
Weak vital force and weak immunity to prevent infection and morbid environment help most of the viral infections, which may come from contaminated water, food, direct or indirect contact with infected person.
Some of the associated may also include:
In viral infections blood tests will not show any remarkable increase in the white blood cells, which typically occurs with bacterial infections. The numbers of lymphocytes may be increased. The Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) is not elevated. Confirmation if needed can be done by culture of virus from the relevant specimens such as nasal swabs, and skin rash or by increase in antibody levels in serial blood samples.
Here are some conditions to be ruled out:
Typhoid fever or gastroenteritis
Gradual onset of malaise, headache, sore throat, cough; slow rise of (stepladder) fever, onset of diarrhoea or constipation; widal positive; blood, stool and urine culture positive for salmonella, characteristic tongue coating; abdominal discomfort in gastroenteritis.
Inflammatory bowel disease
Low grade fever; diarrhoea; pain, tenderness and/or mass in the right lower quadrant of abdomen; evidence of ulceration in the X-Ray; bloody and watery stool; sigmoidoscopic findings show oedema, erosions, mucopus and friability of mucosa; anaemia
Malaria
Periodic attacks of chills, fever and sweating; anaemia, splenomegaly and leucopenia; thick or thin blood films show the presence of one or more of the malarial parasites in erythrocytes
Tuberculosis
Fever with evening rise of temperature; fatigue, weight loss, night sweats and cough; pulmonary infiltrate of chest radiograph; positive tuberculin skin test reaction; positive sputum culture for mycobacterium tuberculosis or acid-fast bacilli on smear of sputum
Management
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